债券久期(价格)

债券久期(价格) · ISDA(国际通用) 给定净价计算麦考利久期与修正久期
根据债券的[收益率 / 净价]计算[久期 / 凸性],用于衡量债券的利率风险。
格式 yyyy-mm-dd
格式 yyyy-mm-dd
计算结果
点击「计算」查看输出
code 计算逻辑代码
以下为「ISDA国际通用」QuantLib 代码示例。

# 依赖版本:
# python==3.9
# QuantLib==1.43
from datetime import datetime
import traceback
import QuantLib as ql


# ============================================================
# 工具函数(原 util 模块内联)
# ============================================================
def _parse_date(s: str) -> ql.Date:
    """解析 'yyyy-mm-dd' 字符串为 ql.Date"""
    d = datetime.strptime(s.strip(), "%Y-%m-%d")
    return ql.Date(d.day, d.month, d.year)


def _map_period(period: int):
    """年付息次数 -> (ql.Period, ql.Frequency)"""
    mapping = {
        0:  (None,                     ql.NoFrequency),
        1:  (ql.Period(ql.Annual),     ql.Annual),
        2:  (ql.Period(ql.Semiannual), ql.Semiannual),
        3:  (ql.Period(4, ql.Months),  ql.EveryFourthMonth),
        4:  (ql.Period(ql.Quarterly),  ql.Quarterly),
        6:  (ql.Period(ql.Bimonthly),  ql.Bimonthly),
        12: (ql.Period(ql.Monthly),    ql.Monthly),
    }
    if period not in mapping:
        raise ValueError(f"不支持的 Period: {period}")
    return mapping[period]


def _map_basis(basis: int):
    """日计数基准编号 -> ql.DayCounter"""
    mapping = {
        0:  ql.ActualActual(ql.ActualActual.ISDA),
        1:  ql.Thirty360(ql.Thirty360.USA),
        2:  ql.Actual360(),
        3:  ql.Actual365Fixed(),
        4:  ql.Thirty360(ql.Thirty360.BondBasis),
        5:  ql.Thirty360(ql.Thirty360.ISDA),
        6:  ql.Thirty360(ql.Thirty360.European),
        7:  ql.Actual365Fixed(),
        8:  ql.ActualActual(ql.ActualActual.ISMA),
        9:  ql.Actual360(),
        10: ql.Actual365Fixed(),
        11: ql.Thirty360(ql.Thirty360.EurobondBasis),
        12: ql.Actual365Fixed(),
        13: ql.Business252(),
    }
    if basis not in mapping:
        raise ValueError(f"暂不支持的 Basis: {basis}")
    return mapping[basis]


# ============================================================
# 核心计算函数
# ============================================================
def qjquant_calu_bnddurp(
    price_var: float,
    coupon_var: float,
    settle_var: str,
    maturity_var: str,
    period_var: int = 2,
    basis_var: int = 0,
):
    try:
        if price_var <= 0:
            return {"ok": False, "msg": "净价必须为正"}
        if coupon_var < 0:
            return {"ok": False, "msg": "息票率不能为负"}

        settle_date   = _parse_date(settle_var)
        maturity_date = _parse_date(maturity_var)
        if settle_date >= maturity_date:
            return {"ok": False, "msg": "结算日必须早于到期日"}

        ql.Settings.instance().evaluationDate = settle_date

        coupon_period, freq = _map_period(period_var)
        day_counter = _map_basis(basis_var)

        # ---- 构造债券(与 bnddury 完全一致) ----
        if period_var == 0:
            bond = ql.ZeroCouponBond(
                settlementDays=0,
                calendar=ql.NullCalendar(),
                faceAmount=100.0,
                maturityDate=maturity_date,
                paymentConvention=ql.Unadjusted,
                redemption=100.0,
                issueDate=settle_date,
            )
            effective_freq = ql.Annual
        else:
            issue_date = maturity_date
            while issue_date >= settle_date:
                issue_date = issue_date - coupon_period

            schedule = ql.Schedule(
                issue_date, maturity_date, coupon_period,
                ql.NullCalendar(), ql.Unadjusted, ql.Unadjusted,
                ql.DateGeneration.Forward, False,
            )
            bond = ql.FixedRateBond(
                settlementDays=0, faceAmount=100.0,
                schedule=schedule, coupons=[coupon_var],
                paymentDayCounter=day_counter,
            )
            effective_freq = freq if freq != ql.NoFrequency else ql.Annual

        # ---- 关键步骤:从净价反推收益率 ----
        bond_price = ql.BondPrice(float(price_var), ql.BondPrice.Clean)
        implied_yield = ql.BondFunctions.bondYield(
            bond, bond_price, day_counter, ql.Compounded, effective_freq, settle_date
        )

        # ---- 用反推的收益率计算久期(复用 bnddury 逻辑) ----
        rate = ql.InterestRate(implied_yield, day_counter, ql.Compounded, effective_freq)

        mac_duration = ql.BondFunctions.duration(
            bond, rate, ql.Duration.Macaulay, settle_date
        )
        mod_duration = ql.BondFunctions.duration(
            bond, rate, ql.Duration.Modified, settle_date
        )

        if period_var == 0:
            per_duration = mac_duration
        else:
            per_duration = mac_duration * period_var

        return {
            "ok": True,
            "mod_duration": round(mod_duration, 4),
            "year_duration": round(mac_duration, 4),
            "per_duration": round(per_duration, 4),
            "implied_yield": round(implied_yield, 8),
        }

    except ValueError as ve:
        traceback.print_exc()
        return {"ok": False, "msg": f"参数错误: {ve}"}
    except Exception as e:
        traceback.print_exc()
        return {"ok": False, "msg": f"未知错误: {e}"}


# ============================================================
# 示例:复制本文件后直接运行
# ============================================================
if __name__ == "__main__":
    print("=" * 60)
    print("示例 1:附息债(半年付息,实际/实际)")
    print("=" * 60)
    r1 = qjquant_calu_bnddurp(
        price_var=106.0,
        coupon_var=0.055,
        settle_var="1999-08-02",
        maturity_var="2004-06-15",
        period_var=2,
        basis_var=0,
    )
    print(r1)

    print()
    print("=" * 60)
    print("示例 2:附息债(年付息,30/360 USA)")
    print("=" * 60)
    r2 = qjquant_calu_bnddurp(
        price_var=102.0,
        coupon_var=0.05,
        settle_var="2024-03-15",
        maturity_var="2029-06-20",
        period_var=1,
        basis_var=1,
    )
    print(r2)

    print()
    print("=" * 60)
    print("示例 3:零息债(period=0)")
    print("=" * 60)
    r3 = qjquant_calu_bnddurp(
        price_var=92.0,
        coupon_var=0.0,
        settle_var="2024-03-15",
        maturity_var="2026-06-20",
        period_var=0,
        basis_var=0,
    )
    print(r3)

    print()
    print("=" * 60)
    print("示例 4:附息债(季付,实际/365 Fixed)")
    print("=" * 60)
    r4 = qjquant_calu_bnddurp(
        price_var=98.5,
        coupon_var=0.04,
        settle_var="2024-03-15",
        maturity_var="2029-06-20",
        period_var=4,
        basis_var=3,
    )
    print(r4)